Connectedness#
Definition: Connectedness of a Topological Space
A topological space is connected if it cannot be represented as the union of two disjoint, non-empty open sets.
Definition: Connectedness of a Subset
Let \((X, \tau_X)\) be a topological space.
A subset \(S \subseteq X\) is connected if it is connected as a subspace.
Definition: Disconnectedness
A topological space is disconnected if it is not connected.
Theorem: Connectedness and Clopen Sets
A topological space \((X, \tau)\) is connected if and only if its only clopen sets are \(\varnothing\) and \(X\).
Proof
TODO
Theorem: Connectedness of Subsets
Let \((X, \tau)\) be a topological space and let \(S\) be a subset of \(X\).
If \(S\) can be expressed as the union of a collection \(\mathcal{C}\) of connected subsets with a non-empty intersection, then \(S\) is also connected.
Proof
TODO