Equations
Definition: Equation
Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be two not necessarily unique [[Sets]] such that \(Y\) has an [[Relations|equivalence relation]] \(E_Y\) defined on it.
An equation over \(X\) is an [[../../Logic/Formal Languages|expression]] of the form
\[ f(x) = g(x), \]
where \(f,g: X \to Y\) are arbitrary [[Functions]].
Definition: Solution
A solution to the equation is any \(x^\ast \in X\) such that \(f(x^\ast) \,\, E_Y \,\, g(x^\ast)\).