Introduction

Modern Greek is the official language of the Hellenic Republic (Greece).

Grammar Fundamentals

Gender

There are three grammatical genders in Modern Greek - masculine (“αρσενικό”), feminine (“θηλυκό”) and neuter (“ουδέτερο”). These are mostly distinct from the notions of “male” and “female”. Gender is exhibited by nouns, articles, adjectives, participles, some pronouns and some numerals.

Case

Modern Greek has four cases - nominative (ονομαστική), genitive (γενική), accusative (αιτιατική) and vocative (κλητική). This grammatical category is exhibited by nouns, articles, adjectives, participles, pronouns and some numerals.

Number

There are two numbers in Modern Greek - singular (ενικός) and plural (πληθυντικός). This grammatical category is exhibited by nouns, articles, adjectives, participles, pronouns, numerals and verbs.

Degree

Modern Greek has four degrees of comparison - positive, comparative, relative superlative and absolute superlative. This grammatical category is exhibited only by adjectives and adverbs.

Person

Modern Greek has three persons - first, second and third. This grammatical category is exhibited by verbs and pronouns.